By Marcel Florkin
Chemical Zoology, quantity IV: Annelida, Echiura, and Sipuncula provides chemical details on zoological importance of Annelida, Echiura, and Sipuncula. This e-book is geared up into thirteen chapters that take on the organic and biochemical points of those phyla.
The establishing bankruptcy describes the comparative anatomy, phylogeny, and type of Annelida, Echiura, and Sipuncula. The e-book is going on discussing the organic points of those phyla, together with nutrients and digestion; breathing and effort metabolism; oxygen delivery; and carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism. This quantity additionally covers those organisms' composition of guanidine compounds and phosphagens, lipids, inorganic elements, and pigments. different chapters take care of the expansion and improvement, luminescence, endocrines, and pharmacologic homes of Annelida, Echiura, and Sipuncula.
This ebook is a useful source for zoologists and biochemists.
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Dawydoff, 1928). It is possible to argue that trochophores with trochal bands, such as occur in Polygordius and a number of polychaetes in the families Spionidae, Opheliidae, Terebellidae and Serpulidae, are more primitive than atrochous larvae, but there are no better grounds for accepting this in preference to the former conclusion. Broadly speaking, there are two alternative approaches to sexual repro duction in marine invertebrates (Thorson, 1950). One is to produce small numbers of yolky eggs, postponing the trophic p h a s e to a late stage of development and avoiding heavy larval mortality.
Most archiannelids are members of the interstitial fauna and Hermans (1968) has pointed out that the features which Hatschek (1878) used to set archiannelids apart from the Polychaeta are essentially the adaptations of animals to an interstitial habitat indi cated b y Swedmark ( 1 9 6 4 ) , and Hermans (1968) suggests that on this account archiannelids should b e regarded as an order of the class Poly chaeta, in which the primary adaptation is for an interstitial life. This appears to b e b y far the most satisfactory solution of the archiannelid problem and avoids the difficulties of all theories in which the worms occupy the position of the most primitive annelids.
At first sight this appears an impressive list of differences, but in fact almost all can b e related to two evolutionary developments in the leeches: the abandonment of the burrowing habit, and the adoption of a carnivorous and, later, parasitic habit. Further more, all the structural modifications related to these changes of habit are foreshadowed in the Oligochaeta. The exchange of a burrowing habit by the use of peristaltic locomotory 38 R. Β. Clark waves, for swimming or crawling over a solid substratum with the aid of suckers in a characteristic "looping" motion, removes all functional necessity for a spacious coelom and septa ( R .